İngilizcede regular verbs, yani düzenli fiiller, fiilin sonuna -ed eki getirerek geçmiş zaman ve past participle (geçmiş zaman ortacı) hallerini oluşturan fiillerdir. Örneğin, walk (yürümek) fiili walk + ed = walked şeklinde geçmiş zaman ve past participle haline gelir. Bu yazıda, İngilizcede regular verbs konusunu anlatacağım. İngilizcede regular verbs nasıl kullanılır? Regular verbs, İngilizcede üç farklı şekilde kullanılabilir:
- Simple past tense: Geçmişte tamamlanmış bir eylemi anlatmak için kullanılır. Örneğin, I walked to school yesterday. (Dün okula yürüdüm.)
- Past participle: Present perfect, past perfect ve passive voice gibi zamanlarda kullanılır. Örneğin, I have walked 10 kilometers today. (Bugün 10 kilometre yürüdüm.) He was walked by his dog. (Köpeği tarafından gezdirildi.)
- Base form: Şimdiki zaman ve gelecek zaman gibi zamanlarda kullanılır. Örneğin, I walk to school every day. (Her gün okula yürürüm.) I will walk to the park tomorrow. (Yarın parka yürüyeceğim.)
Regular verbs’in sonuna -ed eki getirirken dikkat edilmesi gereken bazı kurallar vardır:
- Fiilin son harfi e ise, sadece d eklenir. Örneğin, love + ed = loved.
- Fiilin son harfi sessiz + y ise, y harfi i’ye dönüşür ve sonra ed eklenir. Örneğin, study + ed = studied.
- Fiilin son harfi tek sesli + tek sessiz ise, sessiz harf tekrarlanır ve sonra ed eklenir. Örneğin, stop + ed = stopped.
Regular verbs konusunu daha iyi anlamak için aşağıdaki tabloya bakabilirsiniz:
| Base form | Simple past tense | Past participle |
|---|---|---|
| walk | walked | walked |
| love | loved | loved |
| study | studied | studied |
| stop | stopped | stopped |
Regular verbs konusunu öğrenmenin en iyi yolu bol bol pratik yapmaktır. Aşağıdaki alıştırmaları yaparak regular verbs konusunu pekiştirebilirsiniz:
Aşağıdaki cümleleri simple past tense haline getiriniz.
- She plays tennis every weekend.
- They watch a movie every night.
- He studies hard for the exam.
- She loves chocolate cake.
- He tries a new recipe every week.
Aşağıdaki cümleleri past participle haline getiriniz.
- She has played tennis since she was five years old.
- They have watched all the Harry Potter movies.
- He has studied English for two years.
- She has loved chocolate cake since she was a child.
- He has tried many different cuisines.
Aşağıdaki cümlelerde regular verbs’i bulunuz ve base form haline getiriniz.
- She walked to the supermarket yesterday.
- They loved the concert last night.
- He studied chemistry in college.
- She stopped smoking last month.
- He tried skiing for the first time.
Cevaplar:
- She played tennis every weekend.
- They watched a movie every night.
- He studied hard for the exam.
- She loved chocolate cake.
- He tried a new recipe every week.
- She has played tennis since she was five years old.
- They have watched all the Harry Potter movies.
- He has studied English for two years.
- She has loved chocolate cake since she was a child.
- He has tried many different cuisines.
- She walked to the supermarket yesterday. -> walk
- They loved the concert last night. -> love
- He studied chemistry in college. -> study
- She stopped smoking last month. -> stop
- He tried skiing for the first time. -> try